Published on Tue Sep 17 2024 06:04:21 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) by Alex

Diving Deep into the Voron Switchwire: A Complete Guide

The Voron Switchwire. It’s more than just a 3D printer; it’s a project. A journey into the heart of CoreXY and bed-slinger fusion, wrapped in a DIY ethos that attracts seasoned enthusiasts and ambitious newcomers alike. If you’re contemplating tackling this build, or simply curious about what makes it tick, this guide is for you.

What is the Voron Switchwire?

The Switchwire is a unique open-source 3D printer design from the Voron Design team. It’s fundamentally a “bedslinger” – meaning the build plate moves back and forth in the Y-axis. However, unlike traditional bedslingers, the Switchwire uses a CoreXY motion system for the X and Z axes. This hybrid approach aims to leverage the benefits of both designs: the simpler mechanics of a bedslinger coupled with the potentially faster and more precise movement of CoreXY. It’s essentially a modification of the Ender 3 converting it into a coreXY printer.

Key Features & Philosophy:

• Open Source: Every aspect of the design, from CAD files to BOMs, is freely available. This fosters community involvement, modification, and constant improvement.
• DIY Focus: The Switchwire isn’t a pre-assembled machine. You build it yourself, sourcing the parts from various vendors or even printing some yourself. This hands-on experience gives you a deep understanding of how everything works.
• Performance Oriented: While accessible, the Switchwire aims for high performance. This means fast print speeds, good dimensional accuracy, and compatibility with a wide range of materials.
• Modularity: Designed with upgrades and modifications in mind. The open-source nature encourages experimentation and customization.

Detailed Specifications

Here’s a breakdown of the core specifications of the Voron Switchwire, though keep in mind these can vary slightly depending on the specific components you choose during your build:

• Build Volume: Typically around 250mm x 250mm x 200mm (X, Y, Z), but can be modified.
• Footprint: Roughly 450mm x 450mm x 500mm (with electronics enclosure).
• Frame: Primarily relies on the existing Ender 3 frame (original, Pro, or V2). Strengthening modifications are usually made during the build.
• Motion System: CoreXY for X and Z axes, bed slinger for the Y axis.
• Extruder: Commonly uses Bowden extruders (e.g., BMG, Titan) due to the light moving X-carriage. Direct drive extruders can be used with modifications.
• Hotend: Compatible with a wide variety of hotends, including E3D V6, Revo Voron, Dragon, etc.
• Electronics: SKR Mini E3 V3 is common but other options like BTT Octopus are also compatible.
• Firmware: Klipper is strongly recommended and the most common choice.
• Bed: Heated bed is required, typically using the original Ender 3 bed.
• Power Supply: A 24V power supply is typical to provide sufficient power for the heater and other components.
• Bill of Materials (BOM): Extensive and detailed, including fasteners, bearings, belts, wires, and printed parts.
• Typical Filament Diameter: 1.75mm
• Layer Resolution: Dependent on nozzle size, but commonly used resolutions range from 0.05mm to 0.3mm.

Usage Tips & Best Practices

Building and using a Voron Switchwire requires careful attention to detail. Here are some tips to ensure a successful build and optimal performance:

• Follow the Official Documentation: Voron Design provides extensive documentation, including build guides, wiring diagrams, and firmware configuration files. Stick to these instructions closely, especially during your first build.
• Source Quality Parts: The quality of your components directly impacts the printer’s performance and reliability. Invest in reputable brands for belts, bearings, extruders, and electronics.
• Precise Assembly is Crucial: Accuracy is paramount when building a CoreXY system. Ensure belts are properly tensioned, bearings are aligned, and all mechanical components are square and tight.
• Wiring Management is Key: A well-organized wiring harness is essential for reliability and troubleshooting. Use cable ties, sleeves, and connectors to keep everything tidy.
• Calibrate and Tune: Klipper’s powerful calibration tools are your friend. Use them to precisely tune the extruder, bed mesh, resonance compensation (input shaping), and other parameters for optimal print quality.
• Start with Simpler Materials: Begin with easily printable materials like PLA or PETG before venturing into more challenging filaments like ABS or ASA.
• Enclosure is Recommended: An enclosure helps maintain a stable temperature, especially when printing temperature-sensitive materials. It also reduces warping and improves layer adhesion.
• Leverage the Community: The Voron community is incredibly active and helpful. Don’t hesitate to ask questions on Discord, Reddit, or other online forums.

Potential Challenges and How to Overcome Them:

• Complexity: The Switchwire is a complex build, especially for beginners. Take your time, follow the documentation carefully, and don’t be afraid to ask for help.
• Cost: While open-source, the Switchwire can be expensive, especially if you opt for high-quality components. Carefully budget your build and consider sourcing parts gradually.
• Troubleshooting: Diagnosing and resolving issues can be challenging. Use a systematic approach, check wiring, and consult the community for assistance.
• Firmware Configuration: Klipper can be intimidating at first, but it’s incredibly powerful. Take the time to learn its configuration options and calibration tools.

Voron Switchwire Evaluation:

Here is an evaluation of the Voron Switchwire on key aspects of 3D printing, scored out of 10:

• Print Quality: 9/10 - With proper tuning, the CoreXY motion system delivers excellent print quality, particularly for intricate details.
• Build Volume: 7/10 - The default build volume is adequate for many projects, but smaller than some other printers. Upgrade options are available.
• Printing Speed: 8/10 - CoreXY allows for relatively high printing speeds without significant loss of quality.
• Material Compatibility: 9/10 - With the proper hotend and enclosure, it can handle a very wide variety of materials, including PLA, PETG, ABS, ASA, Nylon, and Polycarbonate.
• Bed Adhesion & Leveling: 8/10 - Bed adhesion is generally good, especially with the use of common adhesives. Automatic bed leveling further enhances reliability.
• Reliability: 8/10 - Once properly built and tuned, the Switchwire can be very reliable. However, initial build quality is critical for long-term stability.
• Ease of Use: 6/10 - Requires a decent level of technical knowledge and patience. Initial setup is not as straightforward as a pre-built printer.
• Firmware and Software: 8/10 - Klipper firmware offers extensive features and customization options. It’s powerful but requires learning.
• Connectivity Options: 7/10 - Typically includes USB and Ethernet connectivity. WiFi is possible via Raspberry Pi integration.
• Build Quality & Durability: 8/10 - Highly dependent on the quality of the sourced parts and the builder’s skill. A well-built Switchwire is very durable.
• Noise Level: 7/10 - With proper dampening, it can be reasonably quiet. Noises can come from fans, motors, or the bed movement.
• Maintenance Requirements: 6/10 - Requires regular maintenance, including belt tensioning, lubrication, and cleaning.
• Customer Support: 7/10 - Official Voron Design support is community-driven. Expect to rely on online forums and user groups.
• Upgradeability: 9/10 - Highly upgradeable and customizable. The open-source nature encourages modifications and improvements.
• Price to Performance Ratio: 8/10 - Offers excellent performance for the price, but requires a significant time investment and sourcing effort.

Average Score: 7.67/10

Conclusion

The Voron Switchwire is not just a 3D printer, it’s a rewarding project that provides a deep understanding of 3D printing technology. While it requires patience, dedication, and technical aptitude, the end result is a capable, versatile, and highly customizable machine. If you’re ready to roll up your sleeves and embark on a challenging but fulfilling journey, the Switchwire could be the perfect printer for you.

Written by Alex